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pkvfnF dI KLsLbU ny gujrFvfly
dIaF glIaF qy pUrI iPLjLf nUM sugMDq kIqf hoieaf sI. awj imwTI eId df
iqEhfr sI. kfPLI idn pihlF dosqF vwloN eId ‘qy phuMcx df swdf pwqr afieaf
hoieaf sI. asIN gujrFvfly sLihr pihlI vfr afey sI. do idn afly duafly
mhwqvpUrn QfvF dyKx df pRogrfm sI. ipCly idn asIN nnkfxf sfihb drsLn krn
gey sI. nvIN bxI kmytI ny jnm sQfn ‘qy kfPLI kMm kIqf sI. bfhrlf pfrk
PLuafry vgYrf lgf ky kfPLI mnmohk bxf idwqf sI. aMdr iewtF dI jgHf ‘qy
suMdr pwQr lwg irhf sI. iesy qrHF cUhVkfxf swcf sOdf dI rUp-ryKf hI bdl
cwkI sI. cfr sfl pihlF ies sQfn dy drsLn kIqy sn. AudoN gurduafry dI
iemfrq iewk sfDfrn koTVI vrgI sI pr ies vyly qy ijLmIN-asmfn df PLrk sI.
gurduafrf sfihb dI iemfrq bhuq KLUbsUrq bx cuwkI sI aqy cfr ikwilHaF dI
cfr idvfrI ivwc bfgL lwgf sI.ies qoN bfad asIN sLyKLUpury qur gey. BfvyN
ikMnI vyr sLyKLUpury Tihrn df mOkf imilaf pr iklHf dyKx dI rIJ pUrI nhIN
sI hoeI.
awj asIN sB qoN pihlF iklHy vfly pfsy qur gey. iklHy df drvfjLf aMdr bMd
sI. kfPLI dyr drvfjLf KVkfAux qoN bfad iewk awDKV Aumr df ivakqI afieaf qy
afAuNidaF svfl kIqf, “PrmfE”
asIN Aus nUM iklHf vyKx dI qmMnf dwsI. pr Aus ny dwisaf vyKx ‘qy pfbMdI
hY. mYN Aus dy ichry qoN pihlF hI nFh pVH cuwikaf sI. myry nfl dy dosq
muhMmd arsLd ivrk aYzvokyt ny smJfieaf, “dyKo, srdfr sfihb Aus pMjfb ivwc
vjLIr rih cuwky hn. ikMnI dUroN cwl ky afey hn, ies qrHF nf kro.” Aus BfeI
ny moVvF svfl kIqf, “iewk vjLIr sfihb vVYc hurF dy Gr Tihrdy huMdy sn.”
“hF mYN hI AuhnF dy Gr Tihrdf huMdf sF.” Auh Jwt sihmq ho igaf, “ iPLr qy
qusIN sfzy afpxy mihmfn ho.” Aus vwzy BfeI ny vwzy PLftk ivwc bxI iewk
CotI ijhI qfkI df ijMdrf KolH idwqf qy nfl hI dwisaf kdy ies qfkI ‘coN
duwlHy BwtI nUM kwiZaf igaf sI. sfry aihlkfrF dI sfijLsL sI jdoN duwlf isr
nIvF kr ky inkly qfVI mfr dyxf ik duwlf Juk igaf hY pr Es ipE dy puwqr ny
pihlF pYr bfhr kwiZaf. bVy ltfpING ho ky asIN qfkI ‘coN iklHy dy aMdr
dfKLl hoey. iklHy dI KLsqf hflq sI. kuJ Zih-ZyrI ho igaf aqy kuJ Zihx dy
iknfry sI. BfvyN myry pfiksqfnI dosqF vfsqy KMzrF qoN vwD kuJ nhIN sI pr
myry vfsqy ieh kfbly iehqrfm jgHf sI. kdy pMjfb dI nfiekf mhfrfxI ijMdF
ies iklHy ivwc bMd rhI sI. kdy-kdy irafieaf nUM ieh idKfAux vfsqy ik
mhfrfxI TIk-Tfk hY kmry dy Cwjy ivwcoN guwtF qIkx hwQ idKfey jFdy. ipMz
cfhV qihsIl jLPLrvfl ijLlHf isaflkot srdfr mMnf isMG dy Gr jMmI rfxI ijMdF
afpxy vyly dI sB qoN KLUbsUrq aOrq sI. ijMnI KLUbsUrqI rwb ny rfxI ijMdF
nUM bKLsLI Aus qoN vwD Aus dy lyKF ivwc qsIhy ilK idwqy. sfnUM syvfdfr ny
AuWpr cubfry vwl iesLfrf kr ky dwisaf ik kdy-kdy cubfry dIaF pOVIaF ivwc
mhfrfxI nUM kys sukfAuNdy vyiKaf igaf. myrf idl AuhnF pOVIaF nUM cuMm lYx
nUM krdf sI. ijs mhfrfxI ny mrdy dm qwk aMgryjL nfl lohf ilaf, asIN Aus dy
vwl ipwT Buaf ky bYT gey. mkfr qy tozI aMgryjL bVI sfijLsL nfl afm jnqf
ivwc ieh gwl DumfAux ivwc kfmXfb ho igaf ik mhfrfxI ny iswK PLOjF nfl
gwdfrI kr ky bfrUd dI jgHf ‘qy sroN Byj idwqI. iswK rfj df bVf ihqYsLI
sLfh muhMmd aMgryjLF dIaF clfeIaF JUTIaF dMd kQfvF swQF ‘coN sux ky gumrfh
ho igaf. mhfrfxI ijMdF nUM mrdy dm kOm vwloN gwdfr grdfny jfx dI mfnisk
pIVf ny sfrI Aumr lhU-luhfx krI rwiKaf. suihrd ieiqhfskfr jfxdy hn mhfrfxI
ijMdF dI kurbfnI hor iksy vI BfrqI rfxI qoN Gwt nhIN. ies iklHy ‘coN bfad
ivwc mhfrfxI ijMdF nUM cunfr ijLlHf imrjLfpur (XU:pI) dy pwQr dy bxy iklHy
ivwc Byj idwqf igaf.
PLyr svyr vyly asIN aYmnfbfd cly gey. sB qoN pihlF gurduafrf roVI sfhb dy
drsLn kIqy. gurduafrf roVI sfhb sLihr qoN bfhr invyklI jgHf ‘qy siQq hY.
ies sQfn dI izAuVHI df afrkItYkt aYnf KLUbsUrq hY ik awj qwk aYnf sohxf
afrkItYkt mYN ikDry nhIN vyiKaf. ies izAuVI dy bxn df smF sMn 1939-40
iliKaf hoieaf hY. gurduafry dy nF 60 eykV jLmIn hY. kdy iewQy jLor-sLor
nfl ivsfKI Biraf krdI sI. awj-kwlH isrPL do ipsLOrI mUl dy isMG syvf sMBfl
krdy hn. gurduafry dy gRMQI isMG nUM nfl lY ky asIN sLihr vwl qur pey.
aYmnfbfd sLihr df nF aYmnF BWTI vflI iJAUrI dy nF ‘qy ipaf dwisaf igaf.
pihlF asIN BfeI lflo dy Gr gey. ieh sQfn isrPL 10 ku Kxf dI jgHf hY. sMn
47 qoN bfad ies sQfn nUM imsqrI abdul rsLId ny afpxI irhfiesL ivwc qbdIl
kr ilaf. kuJ arsf pihlF XUrp ivwc vsdy iswKF ny abdul rsLId nUM mkfn bxf
ky idwqf qy ieh sQfn KLflI krvfieaf. ajy qwk iewQy sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb df
pRkfsL nhIN hoieaf. ies sQfn nUM ‘BfeI lflo dI KLUhI’ nfl jfixaF jFdf hY.
gurduafry dy nfl-nfl sunfm qoN AuWjV ky gey lokIN rihMdy hn. sLihr dy aMdr
hI cwkI sfihb hY ijwQy bfby nfnk ny bfbr rfj vyly cwkI pIsI. awj-kwlH ies
sQfn nUM Zfh ky nvyN isry qoN Ausfiraf jf irhf hY. mlk Bfgo df Gr puwCx qy
koeI TIk nhIN dws sikaf. isrPL iewk ivakqI ny ieMnf hI dwisaf ik cwkI
sfihb dy sfhmxy ikDry hvylIaF huMdIaF sn. aYmnfbfd BIVy bjLfrF vflf ksbf
hY. iewQy srdfr Drm isMG df nF ajy vI iewjLq nfl ilaf jFdf hY. ijs ny
ieslfmIaF hfeI skUl dI nINh rwKI sI.
vfpsI ‘qy asIN ‘arUp’ Kfxf KfDf. ieh ipMz iBMzr goq dy lokF df hY. 47 qoN
pihlF ies ipMz ivwc awDy iswK iBMzr aqy awDy muslmfn iBMzr rihMdy sn.
pihlF iswK qy muslmfn iBMzrF ivwc bVI KihbfjLI rihMdI sI. pr hwilaF vyly
muslmfn iBMzrF ny sfrIaF iswK DIaF-BYxF qy ivakqIaF nUM pUry mfx siqkfr qy
ihPLfjLq nfl qoiraf. ies ipMz qoN AuWjV ky afey srdfr pRIqm isMG qy insLfn
isMG iBMzr nfmvr ivakqI hoey hn. ies ipMz ‘coN cODrI anvr iBMzr pfiksqfn
lok sBf dy spIkr qy pIr gLulfm PLrId pMjfb asYNblI ivwc aYm:aYl:ey rih
cuwky hn. gLulfm PLrId ny gwlF-gwlF ivwc dwisaf ik ijhVy awj-kwlH iewQy
vwzy bxy iPLrdy hn ieh srdfrF dy kMmI huMdy sn.
gujrFvfly phuMcx ‘qy kuJ swjx sfzf ieMqjLfr kr rhy sn. gujrFvflf pihlvfnF
dy sLihr vjoN jfixaF jFdf hY. kuJ pihlvfn iewQy sfnUM vI imly. iewk bjLurg
Aucycy qOr ‘qy imlx afieaf hoieaf sI. Aus ny imlidaF hI ikhf, “srdfro ijs
idn qoN qusIN gey ho sfzy ipMz ivwc idl sfzf vI nhIN lwigaf. agly idn smfn
cuwk ky sLihr af gey. ipMz dIaF rOxkF hI KLqm ho geIaF. bws iewQy af ky
PLOj ivwc BrqI ho gey. lMmF smF nOkrI kr ky iewQy hI itk gey.” bjLurg dy
ichry ‘qy vMz df AudryvF sfPL njLr afAuNdf sI.
ajy vI srdfrF bfry bVIaF khfxIaF pRcilq hn. ipMz gfjI muwD isMG vflf dy
virafm isMG ivrk bfry bVf msLhUr hY. hwilaF vyly Aus df sfrf twbr iewDr af
igaf. Auh iekwlf afAuxf nhIN mMinaf, aKy afpxf Gr Cwz ky dUjI jgHf pnfhI
nhIN aKvfAuxf. aMq DfvIaF nfl mukfbflf krdf mfiraf igaf. pr Gr nhIN
Cwizaf. iesy qrHF jMizaflf sLyr KLfn nyVy kwkVFvflf ipMz df AUDm isMG iewk
muhfvrf ho inwibVaf. ipMz dy JgiVaF JyiVaF df iensfPL lokIN AUDm isMG
koloN krvfAuNdy sn. ijwQy AUDm isMG vwzf ijLmIMdfr sI AuWQy Auh bVf inaF
psMd sI qy duwD df duwD aqy pfxI df pfxI krn vflf iensfn sI. iewk vyrI Aus
dy lVky ny iksy kMmI kuVI dI iewjLq ‘qy hwQ pf ilaf. mfmlf ivcfrn leI swQ
ivwc iekwT ho igaf. AUDm isMG ny PLYslf pMcfieq qy Cwz idwqf pr pMcfieq ny
iPLr PLYslf AUDm isMG ‘qy Cwz idwqf. awj AUDm isMG df bhuq vwzf iemiqhfn
sI. pUrf ielfkf Zko-ZkI jwt dy hwQ ivwc PVHy qrfjLU nUM vyK irhf sI. AUDm
isMG lokF nUM sMboDn hoieaf, “dwso kI sjLf idaF?” BIV ‘coN iPLr afvfjL
afeI, “srdfr jI PLYslf afp hI suxfE.” AUDm isMG ny PLYslf dy idwqf, “myry
muqfbk muMzf mOq df hwkdfr hY qF ik muV kdy koeI gLrIb dI iewjLq dy nfl
iKlvfV nf kry.” BIV ivwcoN afvfjL afeI, “srdfr jI bKLsL idE, quhfzf afpxf
KLUn hY.” “nhIN ieh myrf KLUn huMdf qd ieh krqUq nf krdf” eynf kih ky pry
ivwc hI muMzy dI CfqI ivwc golI mfr ky QF hI ZyrI kr idwqf. awj vI ielfky
ivwc gwl pRclq hY ik jy koeI cwkvIN gwl kry dUsrf kihMdf hY, “qUM ikhVf
kwkVFvflf AUDm isMG hYN.”
imlx vfly swjxF qoN PLfrg ho ky asIN mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dI jwdI hvylI vyKx
qur pey. ieh hvylI purfxI sbjLI mMzI dy kol hY. ies muhwly ivwc hI mhfrfjy
dI hvylI qoN AuWqr vfly pfsy mhfn jrnYl hrI isMG nlUaf dy Gr dI mmtI njLr
afAuNdI hY. asIN pihlF hrI isMG nlUaf df Gr vyKx qur pey. nlUaf df Gr iewk
qMg ijhI glI dy donoN pfsy bixaf hoieaf hY. qy ies glI qoN Cwq pf ky
cubfry ijhy bxy hoey hn. BfvyN hyTF jgHf qMg hY, AuWpr cubfry mokly bxy
hoey hn. awj-kwlH ies Gr nUM aMinHaF dI msjd krky jfixaf jFdf hY. AuWpr
cubfry ivwc msjd bxI hY ijwQy aMnHy lok pOVHIaF toh-toh ky cVHdy hn qy
msjd ivwc jf ky iebfdq krdy hn.
mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dI hvylI dy awgy cONk hY qy cONk ivwc ipwpl df drKLq.
ies cONk ivwc drjnF ryVHIaF KVHIaF hn. hvylI dy mohrly kmry glI dy brfbr
bxy hoey hn. pr ijwQy asl hvylI sLurU huMdI hY Auh glI qoN ds bfrF Puwt
AuWcI hY. mohrly kmiraF dI Cwq hvylI awgy ivhVy df kMm idMdI hY. kdy
mhfrfjy dy purKy iehnF kmiraF dI Cwq ‘qy bYT ky drbfr lfAuNdy sn. iehnF
kmiraF dI Cwq qoN hfQI AuWqy sihj nfl ciVHaf jf skdf sI. asIN pOVHIaF cVH
ky hvylI aMdr dfKLl ho gey. dulfn dI Cwq ajy vI kfiem hY qy bfkI kmiraF dI
Cwq AuDyV ky nvyN isirEN pfAux df Auprflf sLurU hY. pRbMDkF ny dwisaf mIaF
nvfjL sLrIPL dI srkfr vyly ieh PLYslf kIqf igaf sI ik ieiqhfs nfl sMbMiDq
ijMnIaF insLfnIaF hn AuhnF nUM cMgI hflq ivwc muV qoN ilaFdf jfvy. hux
PLOjI srkfr vI Aus PLYsly ‘qy kfiem hY. sgoN jy awgy koeI aV PLs vI krdf
sI hux PLOjI rfj krky koeI nhIN boldf. kMm bVI qyjLI nfl ho irhf hY. iewk
kmry nUM ijMdrf lwgf hoeaf sI ijs kmry ivwc mhfrfjy df jnm hox df ijLkr
hY. mhfrfjy dy jnm bfry pwQr lwigaf hoieaf hY. ijwQy jnm imqI do nvMbr
1780 ilKI hoeI hY. hvylI kfPLI lMbI cOVI aqy nfnk sLfhI iewtF dI bxI hoeI
hY. hux asIN hvylI dI icwqrkfrI nUM vyK rhy sF ijs dI KLUbsUrqI smyN dy
gyV nfl mwDm pY cuwkI sI. kdy ies hvylI ivwc pMjfb df nfiek mhFblI rxjIq
isMG pYdf hoieaf. ies hvylI df suBfg hY ijwQy mhfrfjy ny pMGUVf JUitaf,
Kuwdo-KUMzI KyzI qy jvfnI dI dihlIjL qy pYr rwiKaf. ies hvylI ivwc Aus
XoDy dI prvirsL hoeI ijs ny vgdy dirafvF dy vihx moV idwqy. pTfxIaF
mhfrfjy dy jrnYl hrI isMG nlUaf df nF lY ky bwicaF nUM cuwp krvfAux
lwgIaF. muwdqF qoN alwg alwg DfVvIaF dI sqfeI irafeIaF pUrI awDI sdI
srHfxy hyT bFh dy ky suwqI. ijwQy mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG nUM ies gwl df mfx
pRfpq hY ik Aus ny awT sO sflF dI gLulfmI df jUlf Auqfr ky pMjfbIaF df rfj
kfiem kIqf AuWQy inmrqf df pwlf nhIN Cwizaf. iswkf afpxy nF dI bjfey gurU
nfnk sfihb dy qy gurU goibMd isMG sfihb dy nF ‘qy clfieaf. rxjIq isMG dy
rfj df inaF pUrI dunIaF ivwc slfihaf igaf. sLfh muhMmd ny ihMdU, isMG aqy
muslmfnF dy suKI vwsx df ijLkr kIqf. mhfrfjy dy clfxy qoN bfd iswKF dI
iKMzrI ipMzrI PLOj nUM aMgryjLF dy afhU lfhMuidaF sLfh muhMmd ny vyiKaf,
BwjI jFdI aMgryjL PLOj nUM phfVf isMG vwloN iswK PLOj df golI iswkf mwukx
dI gwl dws ky vfps bulfAux qy sLfh muhMmd KLUn dy awQrU roNdf mwQy ‘qy hwQ
mfrdf hY, “awj hovy srkfr qF muwl pfvy, ijhVIaF KLflsy ny qygF mfrIaF nIN,
sLfh muhMmdf iewk srkfr bfJoN PLOjF ijwq ky aMq nUM hfrIaF nIN.” sB qoN
vwzf sdmf ies gwl df ey ik awj asIN afpxy nfiek dI mVHI ‘qy cfr Puwl aripq
krn qoN vI asmrQ hF. asIN afpxy nfiek dy jnm sQfn nUM alivdf kih ky dosq
dy Gr vwl cwl pey. cfry pfsy KusLIaF dy KyVy hn. awj eId df iqAuhfr hY.
eId df idn iebfdq krn vfilaF leI, iqjfrq krn vfilaF leI, vpfr krn vfilaF
leI qy ipafr krn vfilaF leI mubfrk idn hY. sfzf dosqF nfl icrF qoN kIqf
eId ‘qy afAux df vfiedf inB igaf sI. mYnUM lihMdI pMjfbI ivwc gfiek mnsUr
mlMgI dy twpy ny hmysLF cukMnF krI rwiKaf:
cfdr JwB suwk geI,
eId ‘qy nhIN imilaf,
qyry kUVF dI hwd muwk geI.
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