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siqgurU nfnk sfihb dy rfgu
iqlMg ivwc Aucfrn kIqy ‘jYsI mY afvY Ksm kI bfxI qYsVf krI igafn vy
lflo” sLbd dy arQF nUM asIN bfxI dI gihrfeI krky ‘qUM smrwQ vwzf myrI
miq QorI rfm’ muqfbk smJxoN iblkul asmrwQ rhy hF. ies df iewk kfrn ieh
vI hY ik siqgurU dy afgmn dI qfrIKL aqy swwcKLMz ipafny dI qfrIKL ivwc
kIqI qbdIlI. ies qbdIlI df iewko iewk kfrn hY azjYstmYNt. iqMn gurpurb
ivsfKI vfly idn afAuNNdy sn- ivsfKI, KLflsy df pRgt hox df idvs aqy gurU
nfnk sfihb df pRgt Auqsv. imslF dy igafrF srdfrF ny iewk mqf pfieaf ik
ivsfKI qy KLflsy df pRgt idvs ivsfKI vfly hI idn rihx idE aqy siqgurU
nfnk sfihb dy pRkfsL Auqsv nUM AudoN mnfE jdoN ik PLsl df qfV nhIN
huMdf. AuhnF kIqI qF azjstmYNt sI pr asIN bfad ivwc zFgF cuwk leIaF.
koeI kihMdf ik siqgurU ivsfK ivwc pYdf hoey, dUsry kihMdy nhIN kwqk
ivwc. awj kwl jy gurpurb vIk-zya ivwc af jfey qF asIN afpxI suivDf
anusfr vIk-aYNz qy mnfAuNdy hF. kIqf qF sI smyN dI suivDf leI pr bx igaf
ivroD df kfrn , KLYr. dUjf kfrn ieh hY ik siqgurU df ieiqhfs bhuq bfad
ivwc ieiqhfskfrF iliKaf. ies krky rlf rl igaf jF rlfieaf igaf. sB qoN
pihlf ieiqhfs akbrnfmf (abul PLjLl-1598 eIsvI), dibsqfny- mjLfihb (
mohisn PLfnI) ,BfeI sfihb BfeI gurdfs jI aqy BfeI imhrbfn
jI(gosLtF-1630) ny iliKaf. 1469 qoN lY ky 1598 qwk dy ieiqhfs dI pUrI
jfxkfrI nf hox kr ky bfad dy ieiqhfskfrF ny kuJ klpnf qoN kMm ilaf ijs
krky swc ivwc kUV rl igaf. BfeI gurdfs jI sfihb siqgurU amrdfs jI,
siqgurU rfmdfs jI, siqgurU arjun sfihb jI aqy siqgurU hirgoibMd sfihb dI
sLrx ivwc rihx krky AuhnF dy smkflI sn aqy iesy kfrn AuhnF vwloN idwqI
sUcnf vDyry pRmfixk aqy mMnxXog afKI jf skdI hY.. AuhnF ny ieh ieiqhfs
sqrfvIHN sdI qoN sLurU kIqf, ies ivc siqgurU nfnk sfihb df sMKyp
jIvn-ieiqhfs vfrF dy rUp ivwc iliKaf. pr AuhnF ny siqgurU dy afgmn aqy
swcKMz ipafny dIaF qfrIKLF nhIN ilKIaF. ies df PLfiedf kuJ ivroDI
ieqihfskfrF ny AuTfieaf aqy mn mrjLI qoN kMm ilaf. qfrIKLF ilKxIaF vYsy
vI ieiqhfskfrF df kMm hY; BfeI sfihb df nhIN ikAuNik Auh bRhm pCfnx vfly
swcy sLrDflU ijLafdf sn, ieqihfskfr Gwt.
dUsry, ieiqhfskrF ny siqgurU nfnk dyv jI dy swc-KMz gmn dI qfrIKL 28
awsU sMmq 1596 idwqI hY, ijhVI ik asl ivwc 28 awsU 1597 hY. rfgu iqlMg
df ieh sLbd siqgurF ny siqgurU aMgd sfihb nUM gurgwdI dyx smyN Aucfrx
kIqf. ies sLbd ivwc siqgurU nfnk sfihb ny kuwjy ivwc smuMdr bMd kr idwqf
hY, AuhnF ies ivwc Aus smyN qwk dy ieiqhfs nUM QoVHIaF lfeInF ivwc hI
bMd kr idwqf hY.
AuhnF Aucfrx kIqf hY-
“afvin aTqrY, jfin sqfnvY, hor bI AuTsI mrd kf cylf. scu kI bfxI nfnku
afKY, scu suxfiesI sc kI bylf”.
BfeI lflo jI afpxy ipMz qoN siqgurU jI dI DrmsLflf dI syvf krn vfsqy
puwj cuwky sn. EQy AuhnF ny kuJ lwkV vgYrf df kMm krnf sI. Auh hjLUr dy
snmuK bYTy sn, AuhnF nUM sMboDn kridaF, siqgurF ny swc hI ikhf- ik ijs
qrHF df igafn mYnUM DuroN (KLsm qoN) pRfpq huMdf hY, Aus qrHF dI gwl mYN
sfry sMsfr nUM dws idMdf hF. ies vyly qoN pihlF pfp dI jMJ lY ky kfbloN
af geI hY. sLrm aqy Drm iCp gey hn, cfroN pfsy JUT df rfj hY arQfq ies
pfvn sLbd ivc (jo ik sRI gurU gRMQ sihb jI dy mubfrk aMg 722 -723 qy hY)
sMsfr dI vrqmfn dsLf ibafn kIqI hY nf ik, koeI BivwKq df pRogrfm dwisaf
hY. siqgurU nfnk sfihb ny ies pfvn sLbd dy aKLIr ivwc klm bwD kIqf hY ik
hux mYnuM ( AUhnF nUM) GbrfAux dI loV nhIN ikAuNik Aus mrd (inrgux srUp
akfl purK) ny afpxf cylf Byj idqf hY, “eyk purKu sB nfir sBfeI
pMnf-591)) ‘purKL’ sMsikRq df sLbd hY jdoN ik PLfrsI ivwc purKL nUM mrd
kihMdy hn. iewko hI mrd hY arQfq akfl purK. gwl ies qrHF hoeI ik sMmq
1578 (1521 eI: ivwc Aus mrd ny afpxf cylf (BfeI lihxf jI ) Byj idwqf hY
aqy mYN hux 1597 sMmq nUM skUn nfl jf irhf hF ikAuNik mYnUM ijhVI izAUtI
akflpurKL jI ny lfeI sI Aus nUM awgy AuTfAux leI akfl purK ny afpxf cylf
Byj idwqf hY. ijsnUM afpxy aMg (srIr) nfl lf ky aMgd bxf ky mYN surKLrU
ho igaf hF. sfrI Aumr nfnk ny swc hI afiKaf hY, hux vI swc hI suxfAuNdf
hF ikAuNik ieh vylf (death time) vI swc suxfAux df hY. (ijAUxf kuV mrnf
swc) ikAuNik ijhVf idn afAuNdf hY , Auh clf jFdf hY. 1521 nUM bfbr ny
ihMdusqfn qy pihlf hmlf kIqf. Ausny sYdpur aqy bfkI ielfikaF nUM
luwitaf. pr Auh Esy mhIny vfps muV igaf. siqgurU nfnk sfihb 1521 ivwc
KLurfsfn (aPLgfinsqfn) ivwc sn. AuhnF ny bfbr dI iqafrI nUM afpxIaF
mubfrk awKIaF nfl vyiKaf sI. AuhnF awKIN vyiKaf hfl BfeI lflo dy sfhmxy
ibafn kIqf. bfbr ny dUsrI vfr idwlI dy qKLq ‘qy kbjLf krn dI mnsLf nfl
hmlf kIqf aqy pfxIpq dy mYdfn ivwc loDIaF nUM hrf ky idwlI dy qKLq qy
1526 ivwc bYTx ivwc kfmXfb ho igaf. 1526 arQfq sMmq 1583 nUM mugl rfj dI
nINh rwKI. iesdf sMmq 78 nfl dUr df vI myl nhIN. asIN bfxI dI gihrfeI
nUM nf smJdy hoey iesnUM bfbr dy hmly nfl hI joVI jfny hF. bfbr dy pihly
hmly ny mfhOl nUM ivgfVn leI bldI qy qyl df kMm kIqf. ies pfvn sLbd ivwc
siqgurU jI ny hmly qoN pYdf hoey srm aqy Drm dy hflfq nUM bfKLUbI ibafn
kIqf hY nf ik koeI BivwKbfxI kIqI hY. ies pfvn sLbd df mugl rfj dI
sQfpnf aqy hmfXUMN df sLyr sLfh sUrI qoN hfrn nfl iblkul vI sMbMD nhIN
ijhVf ik asIN hux qwk smJdy af rhy hF. BfeI vIr isMG jI dI ilKLq anusfr
sMmq 1597 nUM mfqf sBrfeI dy Gr dUsry siqgurU dy iekFq-vfs df ijLkr hY.
siqgurU nfnk sfihb 1597 sMmq ivc swc-KMz pDfry sn aqy AuhnF dI ivCVI Xfd
ivwc bfsrky ipMz ivwc siqgurU aMgd sfihb hI agly pRogrfm qy soc-ivcfr
krn leI hI iekFq vfs hoey sn.
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