iewk bflVI do pqfsy
- mihMdr isMG srnf
(1923-2001)
 

mihMdr isMG srnf df jnm srdfr Bgvfn isMG dy Gr rfvlipMzI (hux pfiksqfn) ivwc hoieaf. Ausny aMgryËI dy ivÈy ivwc bI: ey afnrË dI izgrI hfsl kIqI aqy iÌr dÌqrI amly ivwc nOkr ho igaf. qrwkI krdf Auh ieMzIan afizt aYNz akfAUNts srivs dy mihkmy ivwc akfAUNtYNt jnrl dy AuWc ahudy qwk phuMicaf. mihMdr isMG srnf bhuivDfeI lyKk vjoN jfixaf jFdf hY. Ausny nfvl, vfrqk aqy mhFkfiv dy Éyqr ivwc vI gOlxXog rcnf kIqI pr iewk khfxIkfr vjoN AusnUM Aucycf afdr snmfn pRfpq hoieaf. awsI coxvIaF khfxIaF dy sMgRih smyq Ausdy pRkfiÈq XfrF khfxI-sMgRihaF ivwc AusdIaF 235 khfxIaF AuplbD hn. AusdIaF khfxIaF ivwc 1947 qoN lY ky 1990 qwk dy smyN ivwc afey pirvrqn ryKFikq hoey hn. Auh pRgqIvfdI rcnf idRÈtI df DfrnI hY aqy AusdIaF ilÉqF jIvn dIaF hF-muKI kdrF-kImqF nUM pRqIibMbq krdIaF hn. AusdIaF khfxIaF ivwc QIm aqy pfqrF dI vMngI hY. mwD vrgI jIvn dy qxfE aqy ivsMgqIaF nUM vI AusdI khfxI ny rcnfqmk huMgfrf Biraf hY. dyÈ vMz dy duKFqk pRsMg AusdIaF khfxIaF ivwc idl hlUxvIN sMvydnf sMg pyÈ kIqy gey hn. AusdIaF khfxIaF ivwc pfiksqfn ivwc rih gey pMjfb df hyrvf inrMqr boldf suxfeI idMdf hY. vwZy kwty gey pMjfb dI pIV AusdIaF khfxIaF ivwc lgfqfr isskdI rhI hY. dyÈ-vMz dy drd aqy qbfhI nUM sMvydnÈIlqf nfl ibafn krn pwKoN Auh kulvMq isMG ivrk df sfnI hY.
AusdIaF kQf rcnfvF df vyrvf ies pRkfr hY: pwQr dy afdmI- 1949, ÈgnF BrI svyr- 1951, supinaF dI sImf- 1958, vMJlI aqy ivlkxI-1959, CvIaF dI ruwq-1961, kilMgf- 1968, suMdr GftI dI shuM- 1980, sUhf sflU- sUhf gulfb- 1980, kflf bwdl, kUlI Duwp-1984, nvyN Xug dy vfirs-1991, aOrq eImfn- 1993, myrIaF coxvIaF khfxIaF-1994
1994 ivwc AusnUM Ausdy khfxI sMigRh ‘nvyN Xug dy vfirs’ vfsqy sfihq akfdmI df purskfr pRfpq hoieaf. lwDy vflf vVYc, CvHIaF dI ruwq, jQydfr mukMd isMG, hIrf imrg, iewk bflVI do pqfsy AusdIaF Èfhkfr khfxIaF hn.

khfxI bfry:
‘iewk bflVI do pqfsy’ khfxI ivwc isLMgfrf isMG aqy afqU ds nMbrIaf ËYldfr sUbf isMG dy qbyly ivwc bYTy hoey Èrfb pI rhy hn aqy iÈMgfrf isMG dy BqIjy jgIry nUM kql krn df mnsUbf bxf rhy hn. iÈMgfrf isMG dI pqnI afpxy pihly bwcy nUM jnm dyx vyly hI mr geI sI aqy Ausdf awTF idnF df bwcf vI Ausdy nfl hI ÊuËr igaf sI. AusqoN bfad iÈMgfrf isMG nUM sfk nf hoieaf. Ausny sfrI iËMdgI kMjrF dy koiTaF `qy guËfr idwqI aqy iesqrHF afpxI jvfnI vI gvf leI aqy ËmIn-jfiedfd vI. hux Auh Dyly Dyly df muQfj sI. Èfied iesy kfrn hI Auh afpxy BqIjy jgIry df kql krnf cfh irhf hY qfik AusdI ËmIn-jfiedfd nUM hiQaf sky.
Ëfihr hY ik iÈMgfrf isMG ‘nFh-muKI’ pfqr hY aqy jgIry nUM kql krn dI AusdI sfijÈ Ausdy Élnfiek vfly rUp nUM Aujfgr krdI hY. pqnI dI mOq ipwCoN AusdI iËMdgI dy khfxI ivcoN pRfpq vyrvy aqy afqU vrgy ds-nMbrIaF nfl AusdI XfrI Ausdy ÉlnfiekI-ivhfr nUM puÈt krdI hY. srnf dI mnoivigafnk sUJ jfxdI hY ik koeI vI gunfh krn qoN pihlF mnuwK aMdr lukI cMigafeI AusnUM gunfh krn qoN rokdI hY. ieho hI kfrn hY ik afpxI sMvydnÈIlqf aqy cyqnf nUM suMn krn leI iÈMgfrf isMG aqy afqU Èrfb dy nÈy df afsrf lY rhy hn. iÈMgfrf isMG vwloN bfr bfr pgVI dy lV nUM bMnHxF aqy KolxF aqy afqU vwloN afpxy hwQF nUM kMbxoN rokx df Xqn krnF gunfh krn qoN pihlF AuhnF dy zoldy mn aqy qn dI cuglI KFdy hn. AuhnF dy bol aqy srIrk BfÈf dwsdI hY ik AuhnF aMdr vI ikqy iensfnIaq df koeI aMÈ jgdf aqy jfgdf ipaf hY ijhVf AuhnF nUM gunfh krn qoN vrj irhf hY. Èrfb dy nÈy qoN ielfvf Auh iewk dUjy nUM ‘buËidl’ hox dy imhxy dy ky afpxy aMdr kql kr skx dy ‘ijgry’ nUM ‘jgf’ rhy hn aqy afpxI ‘ËmIr nUM suaf’ rhy hn. lyKk iÈMgfrf isMG dy hOlI hOlI Élnfiek bx jfx nUM vI mnoivigafnk idRÈtI qoN vfcdf hY. sMkyiqk rUp ivwc khfxI dwsdI hY ik pqnI dI mOq qoN ipwCoN Ausdf ivafh nf ho skxf AusdI iËMdgI ivwc iewk iÉlfa pYdf kr idMdf hY. ieh atwl hkIkq hY ik iksy vI mnuwK leI srIrk aqy mfnisk sMquln bxfeI rwKx leI aOrq df sfQ ainvfrI hY. jy ieh sfQ smfijk pRvfngI vflf nhIN hovygf qF mnuwK ies sfQ dI qlfÈ ivwc gYr-smfijk sMbMD bnfAux vwl ruicq hovygf. aOrq vwloN pRfpq aOlfd df suK mnuwK dy vfqsl dy jËby nUM iqRpq krdf hY. iÈMgfrf isMG dy awT idnF dy bwcy dI mOq vI Aus aMdr iewk zUMGf Kwpf Cwz geI hY. afpxy aMdrly iehnF KwipaF nUM Brn dI asÌl koiÈÈ hI iÈMgfrf isMG nUM Élnfiek bxn dy rfhy qordI hY. lyKk mnoivigafnk aqy XQfrQk idRÈtI qoN sMkyq krdf hY ik iÈMgfrf isMG jF koeI vI ivakqI jmFdrU burf nhIN huMdf sgoN cOiÊrdy aqy hflfq dI mjbUrI AusnUM burf jF Élnfiek bxf idMdI hY.
pr lyKk ieh vI jfxdf hY ik iksy vI bury ivakqI ivwc cMgf bx skx dIaF sMBfvnfvF lukIaF huMdIaF hn. loV ies cMigafeI dI mwDm pY cuwkI cMigafVI AuprlI TMZI svfh nUM Polx aqy AusnUM hvf dy ky mGfAux dI hY. kql dI sfijÈ rcy jfx vfly ‘qbyly’ dI iksy ‘Drmsfl’ nfl vI ‘kMD sFJI’ huMdI hY. khfxI ivwc qbyly nfl Drmsfl dI kMD sFJI hoxf bMdy aMdr lukI cMigafeI aqy buirafeI dy aYn nyVy nyVy hox vwl hI sMkyq hY. Drmsfl ivcoN pqfisaF df pRÈfd lY ky kukVI dy ipwCy ipwCy qbyly ivwc afx vVI CotI ijhI bflVI kOVy ‘Èrbq’ nUM ‘imwTf’ krn leI AuhnF dy Èrfb dy glfsF ivwc iewk iewk pRÈfd df pqfsf pf idMdI hY. bflVI dI ieh mfsUm hrkq iÈMgfrf isMG aMdr jMmI kuVwqx nUM imTfs ivwc bdl idMdI hY aqy Aus aMdr vfqsl df pQrfieaf jËbf ipGlf idMdI hY. Auh Puwt Puwt ky rodf hY aqy ies nfl Ausdy mn AuqlI mYl aqy kdUrq Dup jFdI hY. Auh jgIry nUM kql krn df ierfdf iqafg idMdf hY. afpxy vfqsl dy aiqRpq jËby nUM Auh jgIry aqy AusdI aOlfd nfl moh pf ky vI qF iqRpq kr skdf hY.
ies khfxI ivwc pyÈ lyKk dI mfnvvfdI rcnf-idRÈtI dI ivÈyÈqf mnuwK aMdr luky cMigafeI dy jËby nUM tuMbx aqy jgfAux ivwc hY. jgIry nUM kql krn dI sfijÈ nfl ÈurU hoeI khfxI jgIry nUM puwq smJx dy sMkyq nfl smfpq huMdI hY. ieMJ ies khfxI df ibRqFqkI-cwkr ‘asuMqln qoN sMquln’ jF ‘sMkt qoN smfDfn’ vflf hY. iÈMgfrf isMG iewk pfqr vjoN siQr dI QF gqIÈIl pfqr ho inwbVdf hY. sMklp dI BfÈf ivwc ieh vI ikhf jf skdf hY ik iÈMgfrf isMG ‘cptf’ sgoN ‘gol’ pfqr hY.-(virafm isMG sMDU)

000 000 000 000

iÈMgfrf isMG qy Auhdf bylI afqU ds nMbrIaf ËYldfr sUbf isMG dy qbyly ivwc dfrU pI rhy sn. ËYldfr afpxy bfl bwicaF smyq aMbrsr mwisaf nHfAux igaf sI. ipwCy dI sfrI spurdgI Auh kMmI Kymy nUM kr igaf sI. afqU ds nMbrIaf Kymy df sflf sI. Kymy dI ies cfr idnF dI cODr sdkf hI afqU qy iÈMgfrf isMG awj ËYldfr dy qbyly ivwc rfxI KF bxy bYTY sn. Kymy ny vI do Guwt cwK leI sI qy hux ËYldfr dI hvylI vwl Ìyrf qorf mfrn qur ipaf sI.
iÈMgfrf isMG ny afpxI pgVI df lV KoilHaf, bwDf, Ìyr KoilHaf qy Ìyr bMnHdf boilaf, “mKF afqU, Kymf igaf?”
“igaf.” afqU ny lmkvyN lihËy ivwc afiKaf.
“mKF cMgI qrHF vyK ky inÈf kr lY. gwl qIjy kMnIN nhIN cVHnIN cfhIdI.”
“jF qF gwl qyry myry ivwc rhygI”, afqU ny sUJvfn ÌlsÌIaF dy aMdfË ivwc afiKaf, “jF iÌr asIN dohvyN nhIN rhFgy. PFsI df rwsf sky ipE df ilhfË nhINEN krdf.”
“PFsI!” iÈMgfrf isMG ny cONk ky afiKaf.
AuhdI afvfË pftI hoeI sI. Ìyr Auhny pgVI df lV KolH ky mwQy dI qrylI pUMJI qy iewko zIk ivwc glfs ÉflI kr idwqf.
kuJ icr bVf socvfn bYTf irhf. Pyr ijgrf kr ky boilaf, “gwl qUM TIk afhnF vyN. kql df mfmlf hoieaf. Kymy nUM iBxk nhIN pYxI cfhIdI. mKF afqU, qyry hwQ ikAuN kMbI jFdy ny.”
“aYNvyN nf ipaf afK. lY ikwQy pey kMbdy nIN?” afqU ny hwQF dI krMgVI pf ky AuhnF nUM kMbxoN htfAux df Xqn kIqf. Ìrk bws eynf sI ik pihly Auhdy hwQ awz awz kMb rhy sn, hux iekwTy.
afqU ny afpxI Aumr dy pMjqflI virHaF ivwc sfry ksb kIqy sn, pr iksy df kql nhIN sI kIqf.
“zr nf”, iÈMgfrf isMG ny hwlfÈyrI idwqI, “mYN jU qyry nfl hovFgf. awgoN DOx `qy gMzfsf qUM mfrIN, ipwCoN mYN isr `qy kuhfVI mfrFgf.”
“kOx ipaf zrdf ey?” afqU awDy glfs df iewko Guwt krdf boilaf, “aYNvyN nf ipaf afK. mr gey afqU nUM zrfAux vfly.”
pr afqU dy lihËy ny Auhdy virafm bolF dI sfKI nf BrI. iewlqF kr lYxIaF, corIaF zfky mfr lYxy sOKy sn. pr ijAUNdf bMdf isroN mfr suwtxf jxy Kxy df kMm nhIN sI.
afqU ny hux cfry Guwt iswDy boql nUM mUMh lf ky pIqy aqy afpxy dfeIey nUM iewk pIcvIN gMZ mfr leI. ‘ijhVf kMm krnf ey, Auh krnf eI ey’, Auhny soicaf, ‘bMdf mfrn lwigaF ikhVy hl joxy pYNdy ny, mfVf ijhf twk gMzfsy df lf Cwzo qy bMdf mr jFdf ey.’
ihwk QfpV ky afqU boilaf, “awjo rfqIN jgIry vflf kMZf kwZ CwzxY. qUM Éfqr jmHF rwK qy aYvyN Gfbr nf ipaf.”
“kOx ipaf Gfbrdf ey?” isLMgfrf isMG ny afny kwZy.
“Gfbrdf nhIN qF afh muV muV pwg df lV ikAuN KolHxf bMnnF ey?”
“pgVI shurI iZwlI ho geI ey.”
“koeI iZwlI isLwlI nhIN hoeI.” afqU ny ikhf, “kuÈ nhIN hoieaf qyrI pwg nUM. mYN awgy vI vyiKaf ey. jdoN qyry idl ivwc Gfbr AuWTdI ey, qUM inmfxI pwg dy mgr pY jfnF eyN.”
“Eey mYN nhIN Gfbrdf”, iÈMgfrf isMG buVikaf, “vyK leIN mYN qyry nfl jfvFgf. qyrf gMzfsf jy Gus igaf qF myrI kuhfVI iewko vfrI AuhnUM duPfV kr deygI, gylI vFgrF.”
“bfhlf virafm nf ipaf bx”, afqU ny cot kIqI, “kuhfVI mfrn leI juwsy ivwc lhU cfhIdY. Èkl vyKI AU afpxI ijvyN iPwty mUMh suwkxy peI huMdI ey. qy afh pIlIaF vsfr bfhIN, ijvyN ibwjU kbrF `coN murdf DUh ilafieaf hovy. qyrI BÉdI jvfnI iÈMgfrf ishF, kujHrFvfly dI hIrfbfeI ny cUs leI. qyrI jfiedfd ËmIn vI kMjrF dy lyKy lwg geI. nhIN qF ipMz ivwc qyry vrgf kOx sI. awj qUM Dyly Dyly nUM muQfj eyN. kMm ieh bVf mfVf eI. asIN qyry bylI aF. qyrI koeI gwl awj qwk BuMjy nhIN pYx idwqI. qyrf ieh kMm vI ËrUr krFgy qy awjo rfqIN krFgy. Ìyr kdI sfnUM vI hIrfbfeI df hUtf lvf CwzIN.”
afqU bVy lor ivwc ieh vfrqflfp bol igaf sI.
“ËrUr! ËrUr!” iÈMgfrf isMG ny bVy dulfr nfl hfmI BrI, “qUM sfzf Xfr eyN. qyry qoN vIh hIrfbfeIaF Gol GumfeIaF. qUM smulVI sFB leIN. bs iewk vfrI qUM muMzy df gftf lfh dy. Pyr vyKIN mYN kuhfVI nfl ikwdF AuhdI lfÈ dy toty krdF.”
“bwly bwly iÈMgfrf ishF”, afqU ny ikhf, “qyr vgrf sUrbIr iksy mF nhIN jMmxf. vyK leIN ikqy kuhfVI jMgflI nf geI hovy.”
afqU df ivaMg iÈMgfrf isMG nUM nf poihaf. gwl axsuxI krdf Auh boilaf-
“jgIry dy kfmy alI muhMmd df ipÈfb bMd ho igaf sI. AusnUM mMjy `qy pf ky kuwjHrFvfly lY gey ny. awj kwlH hdvfixaF dI rfKI jgIrf afp KUh `qy sONdf ey. eydUM cMgf mOkf muV hwQ nhINEN afAuxf.”
ËYldfr sUbf isMG dy qbyly ivwc pkfieaf igaf ieh mqf ËYldfr dI GoVI ny suixaf, gF qy dohF mhIaF ny suixaf. pr Auh byËubfn sn qy ikwly nfl bwJIaF sn. kflijaF `qy pwQr rwK ky Auh KurlIaF ivwc mUMh mfrdIaF rhIaF. pr jdoN ieh knso qbyly dy iewk KUMjy bxy murÊIÉfny dIaF kukVIaF dy kMnIN peI qF AuhnF hfl pfhiraf pf idwqI. kuV kuV krdIaF KMB PtkFdIaF Auh cfry pfsy nwT Bwj rhIaF sn.
qbyly dI kMD ipMz dI Drmsfl nfl sFJI sI. igwJIaF hoeIaF kuwkVIaF qF svyry Drmsfl ivwc hfËrI Br ky kuxkf vI Ck afAuNdIaF sn. awj vI icwty rMg dI iewk AuqÈfhI kukVI Drmsfl dI izEVI qwk phuMc geI. Èfied Auh Drmsfl aMdr juVI sMgq nUM iÈMgfrf isMG aqy afqU dy mnsUby qoN jfxU krvfAuxf cfhuMdI sI. Drmsfl dI izEVI ivwc Auh kukVI cOhF virHaF dI iewk bflVI dI nËrIN cVH geI jo pRÈfd lY ky afpxI mF qoN pihlF hI bfhr af geI sI. kukVI nUM vyKidaF Auh bflVI Auhdy mgr nwTI. Auhdy iewk hwQ ivwc pRÈfd aqy do pqfsy Guwty hoey sn aqy dUjI bFh Aulfr ky Auh kukVI nUM PVn df Xqn kr rhI sI. kuVkuVfAuNdI aqy KMB PtkfAuNdI kukVI qbyly ivwc jf vVI aqy mgr-mgr Auh bflVI vI.
aMdr vVidaF hI kuVI df iDafn kukVI vwloN ht igaf qy dfrU pINidaF kol rukdI Auh bolI-
“quCIN kI pey pINdy E?”
“kuÈ nhIN kfko.” afqU ny ruKfeI nfl afiKaf, “qUM eyQy kI lYx afeI eyN?”
iÈMgfrf isMG kuwJ nf boilaf. kuVI dI mfsUmqf aqy svwCqf df kIilaf Auh ibwt ibwt Auhdy vwl vyKdf igaf. icwty irbnF `qy qfiraF vrgIaF awKF nfl Auh ies ipMz, ies DrqI dI nhIN sI lwgdI.
“quCIN Èrbq pey pINdy E?”
“afho!” afqU ny gwl mukfxI cfhI.
“imwTf ey?” kuVI ny puiwCaf.
“nhIN.” afqU ny swco swc afiKaf.
“kOVf ey?”
“afho.”
“mYN imwTf pf idaF.” kuVI ny ikhf aqy Jwt iewk iewk pqfsf AuhnF dohF dy glfs ivwc pf idwqf.
“ieh kI kIqf ey?” afqU iclk ky boilaf, “Drmsfl df pRsfd, ieh pqfsf, qy qUM ikwQy pf idwqf ey.”
kfhlI kfhlI afqU ny pqfsf afpxy glfs ivwcoN kwZx dI kIqI. pr pqfsf Gul cuwkf sI. eyny nUM bflVI dI mF lwBdI-lwBdI qbyly dy aMdr af geI. aMdr vVidaF hI AusnUM Èrfb dI qyË muÈk afeI. iewk hwQ nfl Ausny duwpty df lV nwk `qy Guwt ilaf aqy dUjy nfl kuVI nUM Aulfr ky moZy lFdI kfhlI-kfhlI bfhr inkl geI.
mMqr mugD hoieaf iÈMgfrf isMG ikMnf icr iewk twk bfhrly bUhy vwl vyKI igaf.
“AuWDr kI vyKI jfnF eyN.” afqU ny AuhnUM JMjoiVaf.
“afqU, Auh bflVI.” iÈMgfrf isMG ny ikhf.
“Auh clI geI ey”, afqU ny afiKaf, “AuhdI mF AuhnUM cuwk ky lY geI ey.”
“afqU, Auh bflVI, pqf nhIN kI kr geI ey?”
“kr kI geI ey”, afqU boilaf, “iewk iewk pqfsf sfzy glfs ivwc pf geI ey.”
“nhIN.” iÈMgfrf isMG ny afpxf hwQ CfqI `qy rwKidaF afiKaf, “Auh bflVI meInUM aeIQy kuÈ kr geI ey.”
“koeI akl dI gwl kr iÈMgfiraf. chuMaF virHaF dI Auh bflVI, qeInUM aeIQy kI kr geI ey.” afqU ny hwQ afpxI CfqI `qy rwKidaF puwiCaf.
“kuÈ nf puwC afqU. AuhnUM vyNihdaF sfr myry aMdr sB kuÈ Ault pult ho igaf ey. kuÈ cMgf-cMgf ho igaf eI myry aMdr, ijho ijhf pihlF kdy nhIN hoieaf.”
“boql mukfAux dI kr” afqU ny ikhf, “qy aYvyN XwblIaF nf ipaf mfr.”
“nhIN afqU, hux nhIN myrI pIx nUM rUh krdI.”
“Ìyr kfhdy `qy krdI ey qyrI rUh?” afqU ny puiwCaf.
“myrI rUh rox nUM krdI!” iÈMgfrf isMG ny awQrUaF iBwjI afvfË ivwc ikhf.
“ro lY Ìyr” afqU boilaf, “rox `qy ikhVf muwl lwgdY.”
ajy gwl afqU dy mUMh ivwc hI sI ik iÈMgfrf isMG iÌws ipaf. qy agly pl, afqU vyK ky hYrfn hoieaf, goizaF ivwc isr lukfeI Auh BuwbF mfr mfr ky ro irhf sI.
afqU ny Auhdy rox ivwc koeI ivGn nf pfieaf. jdoN BuwbF zskory bx geIaF qF iÈMgfrf isMG ny kihxf ÈurU kIqf-
“myrI GrvflI pihlI jMmxI ivwc hI mr geI aqy Auhdy nfl hI myrf awTF idnF df puwqr vI. muV ky mYnUM iksy ny sfk nf idwqf qy mYN kMjrF dy koiTaF `qy KyhF KFdf iÌiraf. myrf puwqr ijAUNdf rihMdf qF awj nUM eys bflVI vrgI myrI poqrI hoxI sI. mYN AuhnUM cuwkI iÌrdf. AuhnUM moZy lf ky Drmsfl lY jFdf.”
“lY afh ikhVI vwzI gwl ey. jgIrf iewkIaF bfeIaF df gwBrU ey. jYdfd ËmIn vflf ey. AuhnUM vIh sfk afAuNdy ny. Auhdf ivafh kr. hor Auhdf kOx ey. Ìyr ipaf iKzfeIN poqrIaF poqry.”
“qUM afpxy jgIry dI gwl krdf eyN, myry afpxy jgIry dI?” iÈMgfrf isMG ny mUrKF vFg puiwCaf.
“afho, BqIjy qyry dI!”, afqU ny ikhf, “ijsdf awj rfqIN asF kql krnf eyN.”
“nFh nFh afqU”, iÈMgfrf isMG ny hwQ joVidaF qVÌ ky afiKaf, “vfsqf eI gurU df, muV ky ieh gwl mUMhoN nf kwZIN.”

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